What is meant by “fairness” in ethical behavior?

In the context of ethical behavior, "fairness" is best defined as treating individuals equitably and justly. This approach recognizes that each person may have different needs, rights, and circumstances, and it seeks to balance those factors to ensure that everyone receives their due. Fairness entails considering the context of each situation and making decisions that are just, which means that similar cases are treated alike while allowing for differences where appropriate.

This perspective on fairness encourages consideration of the broader implications of decisions and recognizes the importance of treating people with dignity and respect. It moves beyond mere equality—where everyone is treated the same regardless of their unique situations—toward a more nuanced understanding where justice is prioritized.

In contrast, other interpretations, such as treating everyone equally without regard for context or promoting individual interests at the expense of others, do not embody the essence of fairness in ethical behavior. These approaches can lead to inequitable outcomes or favoritism, which can undermine trust and integrity in interactions among individuals and within organizations.